Chem Class- October 8, 2009

Let's get started for the day. Today we:

- Handed in homework

- Got our marks for our blogs for the first unit

- Mr. D did a demonstration lab that involved combining sugar (C12H22O11) and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4). Smoke came out and the substance inside turned black (carbon) and slowly rose out of the beaker. A very strong smell of burnt sugar or raisins was produced.

Equation for experiment: C12H22O11 + H2SO4 -----> C(s) + H2O +  S

Actually, you can observe the experiment yourself without having to smell the results. Here's a youtube video:

Down to the notes now. Acids and Bases. What are acids and bases? Let's start with acids.

SATD stands for standard ambient temperature and pressure which is 25 degrees Celcius and 100 kPa.

NAMING ACIDS

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  It's also good to know that acids are aqueous (dissolved in water). Hydrogen compound are acidic (Eg: HCL (aq)-----> Hydrochloric Acid and H2SO4(aq)----->Sulfuric Acid)
  
  
  
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  Hydrogen appears first in the formula unless it is part of a polyatomic group (Eg: CH3COO----->CH3COOH/Acetate becomes Acetic Acid).
  
  
  
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  Classical rules use the suffix -ic and/or the prefix hydro (EG: HBr = Hydrobromic acid and HI = Hydrochoric Acid).
  
  
  
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  IUPAC uses the aquesous hydrogen compound (EG: HCL(aq)----->Aqueous Hydrogen Chloride)
  

Now, what are bases?

Naming Bases

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  For now, all bases will be aqueous solutions of ionic hydroxides
  
  NH3 is an exception. Even though it does have OH at the end, it is a base.
  
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  You Use the cation name followed by hydroxide
  
  
  
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  (NaOH----->Sodium Hydroxide and Ba(OH)2----->Barium Hydroxide).